研究生: |
張瑞曼 Jui-Man Chang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
科學寫作與學習成就相關分析研究:以高二學生學習「種子萌發和幼苗生長」單元為例 A Study of the Relations between Students’ Scientific Writing and their Learning Achievement--An Example of Senior High School Sophomores’ Learning the Unit of Seeds Germination. |
指導教授: |
楊文金
Yang, Wen-Gin |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
科學教育研究所 Graduate Institute of Science Education |
論文出版年: | 2005 |
畢業學年度: | 93 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 103 |
中文關鍵詞: | 系統功能語法 、詞彙密度 |
英文關鍵詞: | Systemic Functional Linguistics, lexical density |
論文種類: | 學術論文 |
相關次數: | 點閱:266 下載:46 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
根據系統功能語言法的觀點,本研究旨在探討學生在觀看科學實驗影片後之科學寫作,進而探討其與學生學科學習成就的相關。
以台北縣某高中二年級三十二位學生為研究對象,在觀察五段不同主題的種子萌發和幼苗生長示範實驗影片後,分別要求學生進行觀察與解釋的科學寫作。科學寫作內容以系統功能語言學的及物性分析為主,並蒐集學生國文科作文和生物科學習成就資料,以描述性、Pearson相關進行分析。研究發現如下:
一、學生撰述的現象與步驟觀察小句數多於解釋部分,而前者僅與國文作文有顯著相關。其次,一個小句平均有0.23個環境成分,平均發生0.78次級轉移,詞彙密度平均值為4.27,其中27%為科學內容詞。
二、在學生寫作中詞彙密度、科學內容詞密度、小句深度僅與生物學習成就達顯著相關。
三、科學寫作中解釋部分的小句等級、級轉移次數、環境成分數與生物學習成就達顯著相關。
最後,根據上述的研究發現討論其於科學教學的意涵,並對後續研究提出相關建議。
Drawing upon the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), this study investigates the features of senior high students’ science writing and its relations with their academic achievement.
Thirty-two 11th students participated in this study. Five video clips of “Seeds Germination” were developed as teaching materials. After watching each of the films, students were asked to complete a science writing task by asking them to describe and explain what was observed in the films. The texts produced by students were analyzed in the light of the grammar system of transitivity of SFL. Individual student’s characteristics, including learning achievement in Biology and Chinese Composition were collected. The data was analyzed statistically. Major findings are as the follows:
(1) Students paid more attention on describing of experiment phenomenon and procedures other than explaining the experiment phenomenon presented in the films. The former correlated with students’ Chinese composition only. The average amount of circumstantial element in each clause was 0.23, and 0.78 rank-shift phrases were utilized in one clause. The lexical density is 4.27, of which 27% are science content words/phrases.
(2) The lexical density, science lexical density, the delicacy of clauses correlated with students’ biology learning achievement only.
(3) The average level, the amount of rank-shift, and circumstantial element utilized in explanation of students’ explanation correlated with their biology learning achievement only.
According the findings of this study, implications for science teaching were discussed and suggestions for further research were proposed.
一、 中文部分
王信智(2001):應用資訊檢索技術於科學寫作作品評量之探究。臺南師範學院資訊教育研究所碩士論文。
朱永生(1987):語言學中的多元論。語言系統與功能:北京:北京大學出版社。
朱怡霖(2002):中文斷詞與專有名詞辨識之研究,國立臺灣大學資訊工程學研究所碩士論文。
吳水煌(2003):科學寫作促進學生科學概念學習之研究。國立嘉義大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。
吳明隆(2005):SPSS統紏應用學習實務:問卷分析與應用統計。台北:知城數位科技。
吳壁純(1996):從變異與選擇建構論的觀點看另類評量。教育研究雙月刊,49,46-61。
周曉康(1989):從及物性系統看漢語動詞的語法-語義結構。語言系統與功能:北京:北京大學出版社。
林俊智(2003):以系統功能語言學觀點探討不同課文結構對科學文章的理解-以溫度與熱為例。國立台灣師範大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。
林清山(1992):心理與教育統計學。台北市:臺灣東華書局。
邱美虹(1994):從“自我解釋”所產生的推論探究高中生化學平衡的學習。師大學報,39,489-524。
洪文東(1997)︰科學文章的閱讀理解。屏師科學教育,第五期,p14~25。
胡壯麟(1990):語言系統與功能。北京:北京大學出版社。
胡壯麟、朱永生、張德錄(1987):系統功能語法概論。長沙:湖南教育出版社。
胡瑞萍 林陳涌(2002):寫作與科學學習。科學教育刊,253,2-18。
郎文英漢生物圖解詞典(1991)。香港:朗文出版公司。
張世忠(1997):建構主義與科學教學。科學教育月刊,202,16-23。
梁郁汝(2004):國小自然科教室實施科學寫作之行動研究。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文。
許佩玲(2004):從系統功能語言學觀點探討不同圖文整合方式之科學課文對閱讀理解的影響–以月相單元為例。國立臺灣師範大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。
郭生玉(1996):心理與教育測驗。中和市:精華書局。
郭金美、蕭登峰(2004):探討啟發式科學寫作融入教學對學童科學概念學習與改變之研究-以氧化概念學習為例。自然與生活科技學領域教學資源中心九十三年課程研究討會I報告。
郭重興(1889):牛頓生物辭典。台北市:牛頓出版公司。
陳克健(1985):電腦可以和人類交談嗎?談電腦如何分析中文。科學月刊,192 ,902-905
陳詩芸(2003):多元評量模式對國小學童自然科認知能力之區辨性及預測性之研究。國立嘉義大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。
陳慧娟(1998):科學寫作有效促進概念改變的教學策略。中等教育,49(6),123-131。
程琪龍(1994):系統功能語法導論。汕頭:汕頭大學出版社。
詞庫小組(1995),研究院語料庫的內容及說明,技術報告#95-02,中文詞知識庫小組,中央研究院
黃台珠、熊召弟、王美芬、佘曉清、靳知勤、段曉林、熊同鑫 譯(2002):促進理解之科學教學--人本建構取向觀點/Joel J. Mintzes等著。台北市:心理出版社。
楊榮祥(1981)。觀察能力的培養。科學教育月刊,45,2-8。
詹志禹(1996)。評量改革為什麼要進行─回應吳毓瑩「評量的蛻變與突破」。教育資料與研究,13,45-47。
劉國權(2001):STS及科學寫作活動對學童科學概念及科學相關態度之影響研究。臺北市立師範學院自然科學教育研究所碩士論文。
蔡志賢(2003):科學寫作融入國小自然科教學的行動研究。國立嘉義大學科學教育研究所碩士論文。
二、西文部分
Chi, M.T.H.,de Leeuw,N.,Chiu,M.H., and LaVancher, C.(1991).The Use of Self-Explanations as a Learning Tool. Milestone report, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Gaskins, I. W., Guthrie, J. T., Eric, S., Joyce, O., Linda, S., Janice, B. et al. (1994). Integrating instruction of science, reading, and writing: goals, teacher development, and assessment. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 1039-1056.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1993). The analysis of scientific texts in English and Chinese. In M.A.K. Halliday, & J.R. Martin (Eds.), Writing science: Literacy and discursive power (pp.124-135.). London: The Falmer Press.
Holliday, W. G., Yore, L. D., & Alvermann, D. E. (1994). The reading-science learning-writing connection: breakthroughs, barriers, and promises. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 877-893.
Horton, P. R., & Walton, R. (1985). The effect of writing assignments on achievement in college chemistry. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 22(6), 533-541.
Keys, C. W. (1994). The development of scientific reasoning skills in conjunction with collaborative writing assignments: an interpretive study of six ninth-grade students. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 31(9), 1003-1022
Keys, C. W. (2000). Investigating the thinking processes of eighth grade writers during the composition of a scientific laboratory report. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 37(7), 676-690.
Keys, C.W., Hand, B., Prain, V., & Collins, S. (1999). Using the science writing heuristic as a tool for learning from laboratory investigations in science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 36(10), 1065-1084.
Levine, T., & Geldman-Caspar, Z. (1996). Informal science writing produced by boys and girls: Writing preference and quality. British Educational Research Journal, 22(4), 421-440.
Mason, L. (2001). Introducing talk and writing for conceptual change: a classroom study. Learning and Instruction, 11(4), 305-329.
Mason, L., & Boscolo, P. (2000). Writing and conceptual change. what changes? Instructional Science, 28(3), 199-226.
Peasley, K. L., Rosean, C. L., & Roth, K. J. (1992). Writing-to-learn in a conceptual change science unit. Elementary Subjects Center Series No. 54. East Lansing, MI: Center for the Learning and teaching of Elementary Subject. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 356 143).
Rillero, P., Cleland, J., & Zambo, R. (1995). Write from the Start: Writing-to-Learn Science and Mathematics. Paper presented at the National Association of Biology Teachers National Convention. Arizona State. (ERIC Document Reproduction Series No. 390 708).
Rudd II, J. A., Greenbowe, T. J., Hand, B. M., & Legg, M. J. (2001). Using the science writing heuristic to move toward an inquiry-based laboratory curriculum. Journal of Chemical Education, 78 (12), 1680-1685.
Tucknott, J. M., & Yore, L. D. (1999). The effects of writing activities on grade 4 children's understanding of simple machines, inventions, and inventors. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching. Boston. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. 428 973).
Unsworth, L. (2000). Researching language in schools and communities : functional linguistic perspectives. London and Washington [D.C.] : Cassell.
Unsworth, L. (2001). Teaching multiliteracies across the curriculum︰Changing contexts of text and image in classroom practice. Open University Press.
Yockey, J.A. (2001). A key to science learning. Science and Children, 38(7), 36-41.