Author: |
廖佳盈 Liao, Chia-Ying |
---|---|
Thesis Title: |
探究情境沉浸對初級華語聽力理解之影響 Investigate the Effects of Situated-immersion toward Basic Chinese Listening Comprehension |
Advisor: |
籃玉如
Lan, Yu-Ju |
Degree: |
碩士 Master |
Department: |
應用華語文學系 Applied Chinese Language and Culture |
Thesis Publication Year: | 2017 |
Academic Year: | 105 |
Language: | 中文 |
Number of pages: | 108 |
Keywords (in Chinese): | 華語聽力 、科技輔助語言學習 、3D虛擬實境 、多模態 |
Keywords (in English): | Chinese listening, Technology enhanced language learning, 3D virtual reality, multimodality |
DOI URL: | https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202203353 |
Thesis Type: | Academic thesis/ dissertation |
Reference times: | Clicks: 254 Downloads: 23 |
Share: |
School Collection Retrieve National Library Collection Retrieve Error Report |
本研究的目的在於探究以虛擬實境創造之情境沉浸對聽力理解之影響,以27名華語初級學習者為對象,採取單組相依樣本設計進行為期六週的實驗,比較以圖片及虛擬實境作為聽力輔助之效果。實驗期間,學生每週輪流接受兩種聽力組合,包括以聲音搭配圖片的傳統組合以及聲音搭配Second Life(3D虛擬實境)的沉浸組合輔助聆聽聽力材料,並進行聽力測驗檢測聽力理解表現。透過比較學生的測驗成績以及實驗中及實驗後問卷填答以及訪談結果,以考察三個研究問題:包括(一)兩種多模態組合是否對華語聽力理解成績有影響?(二)學生對於多模態組合運用於聽力理解之偏好態度是否有差異?以及(三)多模態組合是否影響學習策略的選擇?研究結果發現,在聽力理解方面,沉浸組合的聽力理解成績顯著高於傳統組合,表示沉浸組合對聽力理解的作用較強。在偏好態度方面,學生喜好沉浸組合的比例遠高於傳統組合,並對未來使用更多虛擬實境於華語學習有高度意願。在學習策略方面,雖然未達顯著差異,但是在沉浸組合下,學生採取的策略數量較多,且在不同的組合下,學習者最頻繁以及使用最少的策略有所不同。此研究為3D虛擬實境運用於聽力理解的探索性研究,研究結果可供未來利用虛擬實境運用於華語教學聽力學習相關研究的參考
This study aims to examine how situated-immersion created by virtual reality influences beginner-level Chinese learners’ listening comprehension. To reach this aim, the empirical research was conducted for six weeks under dependent-sample design by examining whether there is a difference among students’ scores, preferences and listening strategies. It compared the effects between using pictures and virtual reality as aids for listening comprehension. During the test, listening materials are played in two different ways, audio with pictures and audio with Second Life (3D virtual reality), every other week. The data collected include scores of tests, two questionnaires and interview. The preliminary results of the data analysis derived from the paired-samples t-test indicated that with the aid of virtual reality, students performed significantly better than the aid of pictures. The results revealed that students preferred the aid of virtual reality, and also having a high willingness to continue using virtual reality for Chinese learning in the future. The results also indicated that there are no significant differences on the listening strategies. But there are more occurrences of listening strategies used by students with the aid of virtual reality than when they were using pictures, and that the most used and least used strategies are also different when learning under different listening aid. As a preliminary research using virtual reality on Chinese listening comprehension for discussing the influences of situated-immersion, this study has shed some light upon the positive impacts for virtual reality, and demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing virtual reality to assist Chinese listening comprehension learning and teaching.
中文參考文獻
付東明(2004)。視聽課教學中預測原理的使用。語言與翻譯,4,70-72。
甘鈺瑄、張國恩、宋曜廷、籃玉如(2012年10月)。任務型華語教學在第二人生之應用,「第八屆台灣數位學習發展研討會」發表之論文。國立成功大學。
李和舫(2008)。華語教學策略之應用-以《生活華語》聽力練習為例。台灣華語文教學,1,14-20。
李和舫(2009)。論聽力練習與語料編寫原則。台灣華語文教學,2,15-32。
李琳(2015),多模態材料對漢語學習者聽力理解的影響(未出版之碩士論文)。安徽大學,中國合肥市。
林韻築(2009)。視覺輔助與文類對英語聽力理解之影響(未出版之碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學,台北市。
林文娟、劉煒(2015)。多模態在英語聽力教學中的效果研究。中國醫學教育技術,5,538-540。
吳勇毅、陳鈺(2006)。善聽者與不善聽者聽力學習策略對比研究。漢語學習,2,58-64。
孟國(2006)。漢語語速與對外漢語聽力教學。世界漢語教學,2,129-137。
徐新逸、吳芳瑜(2010)。Second Life在大學虛擬校園之應用。教育研究,193,99-112。
梁朝雲、張弘毅(1998)。網路虛擬實境與情境學習的整合應用。教育資料與圖書館學,2,197-224。
陳慶萱(2011)。應用線上虛擬實境軟體於華語教學之師生觀感(未出版之碩士論文)。中原大學,桃園市。
崔林(2005)。外語聽力課堂活動的設計原則。遼寧師範大學學報,3,69-72。
湯梓辰(2015)。以情境學習理論建構華語虛擬社群之溝通歷程發展及成效研究(未出版之博士論文)。國立台北教育大學,台北市。
張莉萍(2002)。華語文能力測驗與實務。台北:師大書苑。
張本楠(2008)。中文聽力教學導論。北京:北京語言大學出版社。
張艷、韋衛(2015)。在多媒體環境下認知學習策略的選擇和學習者漢語水平的關係研究。澳門科技大學學報,2,17-25。
國家對外漢語教學領導小組辦公室(2002)。高等學校外國留學生漢語教學大綱(短期強化)。北京:北京語言大學。
國家漢語國際推廣領導小組辦公室(2008)。國際漢語教學通用課程大綱。北京:外語教學與研究。
國家華語測驗推動工作委員會(2016)。華語八千詞表【原始數據】。取自http://www.sc-top.org.tw/chinese/download.php
蔡雅薰(2009)。華語文教材分級研製原理之建構,台北:正中書局。
蔡維、黃恕寧(2010)。華裔與非華裔初學者聽力策略使用初探。華語文教學研究,2,39-63。
劉頌浩(2009)。對外漢語聽力教學新模型。暨南大學華文學院學報(華文教學與研究),2,18-25。
劉新春(2006)。多媒體技術在對外漢語聽力課上的應用。現代語文,9,104。
戴勁(2005)。影視字幕與外語教學。外語電化教學,103,18-22。
顧琦一、陳瑜之(2014)。視覺輔助對外語聽力語篇內容理解的影響。解放軍外國語學院學報,37,3,10-18。
英文參考文獻
Anderson, A., & Lynch. T. (1988). Listening. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
AL-Hammadi, F. S. (2011). The effectiveness of using a multi-media software in developing some listening skills among Saudi Secondary School Students. Damascus University Journal, 27(3+4), 43-86.
Aldera, A. S. (2015). Investigating multimedia strategies to aid L2 listening comprehension in EFL environment. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 5(10), 1983-1988. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0510.02
Anderson, L. W., Krathwohl, D. R., Airasian, P. W., & Bloom, B. S. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman.
Bax, S. (2003). CALL-past, present and future. System, 31(1), 13-28. doi: 10.1016/S0346-251X(02)00071-4
Blake, W. C. (2009). Potential of text-based internet chats for improving oral fluency in a second language. Modern Language Journal, 93(2), 227-240. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00858.x
Brett, P. (1997). A comparative study of the effects of the use of multimedia on listening comprehension. System, 25(1), 39-53.
Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy (2nd ed.). White Plains, NY: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Brown, J., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32-42. doi: 10.3102/0013189X018001032.
Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics, 1, 1-47.
Carter, B., & Elseth, D. (2009). The usefulness of Second Life for language learning, In R. Marriott & P, Torres (Eds.). Handbook of research on E-Learning methodologies for language acquisition, (pp. 443-455). New York, NY: Hershey.
Chapelle, C. A. (2009). The relationship between second language acquisition theory and computer-assisted Language Learning. The Modern Language Journal, 93(s1), 741-753. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2009.00970.x
Chang, C. C., Tseng, K. H., & Tseng, J. S. (2011). Is single or dual channel with different English proficiencies better for English listening comprehension, cognitive load and attitude in ubiquitous learning environment? Computer & Education, 57(4), 2313-2321.
Chen, D. (2010). Enhancing the learning of Chinese with Second Life. Journal of Technology and Chinese Language Teaching, 1(1), 14-30.
Cheng, H. J., Zhan, H., & Tsai, A. (2010). Integrating second life into a Chinese language teacher training program: A pilot study. Journal of Technology and Chinese Language Teaching, 1(1), 31-58.
Choi, J., & Hannafin, M. (1995). Situated Cognition and Learning Environments: Roles, Structures, and Implications for Design. Educational Technology Research and Development, 43(2), 53-69.
Cooke-Plagwitz, J. (2008). New directions in CALL: An objective introduction to Second Life. CALICO Journal, 25(3), 547-557.
Collins, A. (1989). Cognitive apprenticeship and instructional technology (Technical report no. 6899). Cambridge, MA: BBN Labs, Inc.
Davies, G., Walker, R., Rendall, H., & Hewer, S. (2011). Introduction to Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Module 1.4 in Davies G. (ed.) Information and Communications Technology for Language Teachers (ICT4LT), Slough, Thames Valley University. Retrieved from http://www.ict4lt.org/en/en_mod1-4.htm
Dale, E. (1969). Audiovisual Methods in teaching 3rd edition. New York, NY: The Dryden Press.
DeHaan, J., Reed, W. M. M., & Kuwada, K. (2010). The effect of interactivity with a music video on second language vocabulary recall. Language, Learning and Technology, 14(2), 74-94.
Dörnyei, Z. (2003). Attitudes, Orientations, and Motivations in Language Learning: Advances in theory, Research, and Applications. Language Learning, 53(1), 3-32.
Ellis, H. C., & Hunt, R. (2005). Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology. Oxford: Brown & Benchmark Publishers.
Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology aspects of language learning: the role of attitudes and motivation. London, England: Edward Arnold.
Garrett, N. (2009). Technology in the service of language learning: Trends and issues. The Modern Language Journal, 93, 697-718.
Golonka, E. M., Bowels, A. R., Frank, V. M., Richardson, D. L., & Freynik, S. (2014). Technologies for foreign language learning: a review of technology types and their effectiveness. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 27(1), 70-105. doi:10.1080/09588221.2012.700315
Grant, S., & Clerehan, R. (2011). Finding the discipline: Assessing student activity in Second Life. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 27(5), 813-828.
Grant, S., & Huang, H. (2010). The integration of an online 3D virtual learning environment into formal classroom-based undergraduate Chinese language and culture curriculum. Journal of Technology and Chinese Language Teaching, 1(1), 2-13.
Grant, S., Huang, H., & Pasfield-Neofitou, S. (2013). Language learning in virtual worlds: The role of foreign language and technical anxiety. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 6(1), 1-8.
Guichon, N., & McLornan, S. (2008). The effects of multimodality on L2 learners: Implications for CALL resource design. System, 36(1), 85-93.
Guichon, N. & Cohen, C. (2016). Multimodality and CALL. In Farr, F & Murray, L. (eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Learning and Technology (pp. 509-521). London: Routledge.
Henderson, M., Huang, H., Grant, S., & Henderson, L. (2009). Language acquisition in Second Life: Improving self-efficacy beliefs. In Proceeding of the 26th Annual ASCILITE International Conference 2009 (Eds.), Same places, different spaces. Proceedings ascilite Aukland 2009. (pp. 464-474). New Zealand, Auckland: The University of Auckland, Auckland University of Technology, and Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ascilite).
Henderson, M., Huang, H., Grant, S., & Henderson, L. (2012). The impact of Chinese language lessons in a virtual world on university students’ self-efficacy beliefs. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 28(3), 400-419.
Higgins, S., Beauchamp, G., & Miller, D. (2007). Reviewing the literature on interactive whiteboards. Learning, Media and Technology, 32(3), 213–225.
Hismanoglu, M. (2012). Integrating second life into an EFL classroom: A new dimension in foreign language learning and teaching. International Journal on New Trends in Education and Their implications, 3(4), 100-111.
Hsiao, I. Y. T., Lan, Y. J., Kao, C.-L., & Li, P. (In press). Visualization analytics for second language vocabulary learning in virtual worlds. Educational Technology & Society.
Hundsberger, S. (2009). Foreign language learning in second life and the implications of for resource provision in academic libraries. Retrieved from http://arcadiaproject.lib.cam.ac.uk/docs/second_life.pdf
Hutchison, T., & Waters, A. (1987). English for specific purposes: A learning-centred approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hymes, D. (1972). On communicative competence. In J. B. Pride and J. Holmes, (Eds.), Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings (pp.269-293). Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Education.
James, H. (2005). Finding meaning in the second half of life: How to finally, really grow up. New York, NY: Gotham Books.
Jiang, Y. (2016). Validity of multimodality in autonomous Learning of Listening and Speaking. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 7(2), 352-357. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0702.14
Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Lan, Y. J. (2013). The effects of technology-supported co-sharing on L2 vocabulary strategy development. Educational Technology & Society, 16(4), 1-16.
Lan, Y. J. (2014). Does second life improve mandarin learning by overseas Chinese students? Language Learning and Technology, 18(2), 36-56. Retrieved from http://llt.msu.edu/issues/june2014/action2.pdf
Lan, Y. J. (2015). Contextual EFL learning in a 3D virtual environment. Language Learning & Technology, 19(2), 16-31. Retrieved from http://llt.msu.edu/issues/june2015/action.pdf
Lan, Y. J., Chen, N. S., Li, P., & Grant, S. (2015). Embodied cognition and language learning in virtual environments. Education Technology Research and Development, 63(5), 639-644. doi: 10.1007/s11423-015-9401-x
Lan, Y. J., Fang, S. Y., Legault, J., & Li, P. (2015). Second language acquisition of Mandarin Chinese vocabulary: context of learning effects. Educational Technology Research & Development, 63(5), 671-690. doi: 10.1007/s11423-015-9380-y
Lan, Y. J., Kan, Y. H., Hsiao, I, Y. T., Yang, S. J. H., & Chang, K. E. (2013). Designing interaction tasks in Second Life for Chinese as a foreign language learner: a preliminary exploration. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 29(2), 184-202. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ajet.144
Lan, Y. J., Kan, Y. H., Sung, Y. T., & Chang, K. E. (2016). Oral-performance language tasks for CSL beginners in Second Life. Language Learning & Technology, 20(3), 60-79. Retrieved from http://llt.msu.edu/issues/october2016/lanetal.pdf
Lang, A. (1995). Defining audio/video redundancy from a limited capacity information processing perspective. Communication Research, 22(1). 86-115.
Lantolf, J. P. (2000). Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Learning. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lantolf, J. P. (2006). Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Learning: State of the Art. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 28(1), 67-109.
Lee, A. M. (2013, February 2). Re: My instructional media experience [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://annemichellelee15.wordpress.com/2013/02/02/my-instructional-media-experience/
Lee, S. P., Lee, S. D., Liao, Y. L., & Wang, A. C. (2015). Effects of audio-visual aids on foreign language anxiety, reading and listening comprehension, and retention in EFL Learners. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 120(2), 576-590.
Liu, S. H. J., Lan, Y. J., & Jenkins, J. R. (2014). Technology-enhanced Strategy use for second language vocabulary acquisition. English Teaching & Learning, 38(2), 105-132. doi: 10.6330/ETL.2014.38.2.04
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Investigating language class anxiety using the focused essay technique. The Modern Language Journal, 75(3), 296-304.
Mayer, E. R. (1997). Multimedia learning: Are we asking right question? Educational Psychologist, 32(1), 1-19. doi: 10.1207/s15326985ep3201_1
Mayer, E. R. (2002). Multimedia Learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mayer, E. R. (2005). The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Metiri Group, Commissioned by Cisco. (2008). Multimodal learning through media: What the research says. Retrieved from http://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/education/Multimodal-Learning-Through-Media.pdf
Mooradian, N. (2006). Virtual reality, Ontology, and Value. Metaphilosophy, 37(5), 673-690. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9973.2006.00460.x
Moreno, R., & Mayer, R. (2002). Verbal redundancy in multimedia learning: When reading helps listening. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94(1), 156-163.
Moreno, R., & Mayer, R. (2007). Interactive multimodal learning environments. Special issue on interactive learning environments: Contemporary issues and trends. Educational Psychology Review, 19(1), 309-326. doi: 10.1007/s10648-007-9047-2
Naiman, N. (1978). The good language learner. Bristol, England: Multilingual matters.
Nunan, D. (1989). Designing Tasks for the communicative classroom. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
O’Malley, J. M., Chamot, A. U., & Küpper, L. (1989). Listening comprehension strategies in second language acquisition. Applied Linguistics, 10(4), 418-437. doi: 10.1093/applin/10.4.418
O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot. A. U. (1990). Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: what every teacher should know. Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle.
Oxford, R. (2003). Language learning styles and strategies: An overview. Proceedings of GALA (Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition) Conference, 1-25. Retrieved from http://web.ntpu.edu.tw/~language/workshop/read2.pdf
Oxford, R., & Shearin, J. (1994). Language learning motivation: Expanding the theoretical framework. The Modern Language Journal, 78(1), 12-28.
Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory: Retrospect and current status. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 45(3), 255-287.
Peterson, M. (2010). Learner interaction management in an avatar and chat-based virtual world. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 19(1), 79-103.
Prbhu, N. S. (1987). Second language pedagogy. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Pusey, K., & Lenz, K. (2014). Investigating the interaction of visual input, working memory, and listening comprehension. Language Education in Asia. 5(1), 66-80. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5746/LEiA/14/V5/I1/A06/Pusey_Lenz
Read, J. (2002). The use of interactive input in EAP listening assessment. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 1(2), 105-119.
Richards, J. C. (1985). The context of language teaching. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Rost, M. (2002). Teaching and Researching Listening. Harlow, England: Pearson Education.
Sweller, J. (2003). Evolution of human cognitive architecture. In B. Ross (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation, (pp. 215–266). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Sweller, J., & Sweller, S. (2006). Natural information processing systems. Evolutionary Psychology, 4(1), 434-458.
Suchman, L. (1987). Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human – Machine Communication. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Tang, J. T., Lan, Y. J., & Chang, K. E. (2012). The influence of an online virtual situated environment on a Chinese learning community. Knowledge Management & E-learning: An international journal, 4(1), 51-62.
The New Media Consortium. (2007). The Horizon Report. Austin, TX: The New Media Consortium.
The New Media Consortium. (2008). The Horizon Report. Austin, TX: The New Media Consortium.
The New Media Consortium. (2016). The Horizon Report. Austin, TX: The New Media Consortium.
Ur, P. (1984). Teaching Listening Comprehension. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Vandergrift, L. (2003). Orchestrating strategy use: Toward a model of the skilled second language listener. Language Learning, 53(3), 463-496. doi: 10.1111/1467-9922.00232
Vandergrift, L. (2007). Recent developments in second and foreign language listening comprehension research. Language Teaching, 40(3), 191-210. doi: 10.1017/S0261444807004338
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. The development of higher The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wang, C. X., Calandra, B., Hibbard, S. T., & Lefaiver, M. L. M. (2012). Learning effects of an experimental EFL program in Second Life. Education Technology Research and Development, 60(5), 943-961. doi:10.1007/s11423-012-9259-0