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Author: 施明甫
SHIH, MING-FU
Thesis Title: 東太平洋間熱帶輻合帶的年際與年代際變化
The interannual and decadal variabilities of ITCZ over the eastern Pacific
Advisor: 陳正達
Chen, Cheng-Ta
洪致文
Hung, Chih-Wen
Degree: 碩士
Master
Department: 地球科學系
Department of Earth Sciences
Thesis Publication Year: 2011
Academic Year: 99
Language: 中文
Number of pages: 105
Keywords (in Chinese): 東南太平洋間熱帶輻合帶間熱帶輻合帶年代際變化年際變化
Keywords (in English): Southeast Pacific intertropical convergence zone, Intertropical convergence zone, El Nino/Southern Oscillation
Thesis Type: Academic thesis/ dissertation
Reference times: Clicks: 241Downloads: 16
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  • 熱帶海洋地區有許多對流發展,稱為間熱帶輻合帶(Intertropical convergence zone;簡稱ITCZ)。其中的東南太平洋間熱帶輻合帶(Southeast Pacific intertropical convergence zone;簡稱SITCZ)位於東太平洋赤道南方,每年2~4月才會發展對流系統。分析顯示,東太平洋赤道北方的間熱帶輻合帶(簡稱NITCZ)和SITCZ的3~4月強度有年代際變化,由於赤道南方的海表面溫度(Sea surface temperature;簡稱SST)在1982年以後大幅上升,有利對流發展,且也使負值SST南北向梯度加強,導致原本的東南風減弱較多,而使SITCZ的輻合增強。NITCZ則因為對應SST原
    本已高,SST略增對於對流強度增強沒有明顯幫助。年際變化方面,本研究先分析El Nino/Southern Oscillation(簡稱ENSO)對ITCZ的影響,發現強聖嬰年時,高SST是影響對流發展的主因。而SITCZ在強反聖嬰年,因為強的SST梯度會使輻合動力機制提前於2月發生,使SITCZ於3~4月能夠顯著發展。另外在研究的分析中也顯示SITCZ區域的SST並非影響SITCZ強度的唯一機制。利用高解析度資料分析,當NITCZ區域的SST在北半球冬季及春季較高時,3~4月的NITCZ可以維持較強強度,進而利用動力機制壓抑赤道南邊的SITCZ環流,使SITCZ較弱;反之若NITCZ區域的SST在南半球夏季及秋季較低溫時,3~4月的NITCZ則會明顯減弱,動力機制壓抑赤道南邊SITCZ的情形相對不明顯,因此SITCZ會較強。

    摘要 ………………….………………………………………………………………I 致謝 ……………………………………………………………………………….. II 論文目錄 …………………………………………………………...……………III 圖表目錄 .………….………………………………………………………………IV 第一章 前言 ………………………………………………………………………1 第一節 研究動機與目的 ……………………………………………………1 第二節 文獻回顧 ……………………………………………………………2 第三節 論文架構 ……………………………………………………………4 第二章 資料來源及研究方法 ……………………………………………………5 第一節 資料來源 ……………………………………………………………5 第二節 研究方法 ……………………………………………………………7 第三章 NITCZ 及SITCZ 的氣候平均特徵 ..........………………………………11 第四章 SITCZ 的年代際及年際變化 ...…………………………………………21 第一節 SITCZ 的年代際變化 ……………...………………………………21 第二節 SITCZ 的年際變化 ………………………...………………………32 第三節 ENSO 造成的影響 ………………...………………………………48 第四節 SITCZ 強年及弱年 ………...………………………………………65 第五節 小結 …………………………………..……………………………72 第五章 NITCZ 與SITCZ 的關係 ……………………………………..…………75 第一節 日尺度下的SITCZ 強年及弱年 …………………..………………75 第二節 ITCZ Index 的分析 …………………...……………………………79 第三節 小結 ……………………..…………………………………………93 第六章 結論 ………………………………………………..……………………94 參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………………104

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