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Author: 曾詩媛
Tseng, Shih-yuan
Thesis Title: 瑜珈調息法對高中女子運動員賽前情緒及運動表現之影響
Effects of yoga pranayama on pre-match emotion and sports performance in female high school athletes
Advisor: 洪聰敏
Hung, Tsung-Min
Degree: 碩士
Master
Department: 體育學系
Department of Physical Education
Thesis Publication Year: 2011
Academic Year: 99
Language: 中文
Number of pages: 50
Keywords (in Chinese): 情緒調息法狀態焦慮心理技能訓練
Keywords (in English): emotion, pranayama, state anxiety, psychological skills training
Thesis Type: Academic thesis/ dissertation
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本研究目的為探討瑜珈調息法對運動員賽前情緒及運動表現之影響,受試者為38名高中女子桌球、籃球運動員,依運動項目各自隨機分配為兩組,分別為實驗組、對照組,兩組人數分別為桌球各9名、籃球各10名,實驗組施以「瑜珈調息法」,對照組施以「漸進放鬆訓練」,每週二次,每次15分鐘,共8週16次,實驗為期8週後進行比賽測驗運動表現,並填寫賽前狀態性焦慮量表,藉以評估瑜珈調息法對運動員賽前情緒的影響。實驗所得資料進行二因子混合設計變異數分析,結果顯示:一、在賽前狀態性焦慮之認知焦慮和身體焦慮方面,測驗有主要效果,後測皆低於前測。二、瑜珈調息組和漸進式放鬆組在後測的運動表現並無差異。三、瑜珈調息組在運動表現上,後測表現優於前測。結果發現不論是採用瑜珈調息法或是漸進放鬆法,對認知焦慮、身體焦慮都有改善作用。而透過瑜珈調息法的訓練,運動表現相較於先前未訓練時有明顯提升,得知瑜珈運動對於情緒、焦慮等方面有顯著的效果。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Yoga pranayama on pre-match emotion and sports performance for athletes. Thirty-eight female high school table tennis and basketball players participated in this study. According to sports, participants were randomly assigned into two groups, respectively for the experimental and control group. There were 9 table tennis and 10 basketball players in each group. The experimental group was subjected to "yoga pranayama", and the control group was subjected to "progressive relaxation training" twice a week, 15 minutes of each time, totally 16 times for 8 weeks. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R and sport competition were conducted before and after the 8-week experiment to evaluate effects of Yoga pranayama on athletes' pre-match emotion. Experimental data were further analyzed by mixed 2 × 2 ANOVAs separately. The results showed: First, both the two groups reported lower level of pre-competition cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety at the post-test than at the pre-test. Second, the group of yoga pranayama demonstrated similar sports performance to the group of relaxation training. Third, for the group of yoga pranayama, sports performance at the post-test was better than at the pre-test. The findings suggest that both yoga pranayama and progressive relaxation play an effective role in regulating cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety. Especially, yoga pranayama training is evident to enhance athletic performance and emotional regulation.

目 次 第壹章 緒論 第一節 研究背景…………………………………………………………1 第二節 研究目的與研究問題……………………………………………8 第三節 名詞操作性定義…………………………………………………8 第貳章 文獻探討 第一節 情緒的定義及相關理論 ………………………………………11 第二節 運動員的情緒來源及因應方式 ………………………………13 第三節 運動員情緒相關研究量表及重要性 …………………………14 第四節 放鬆訓練對運動表現的影響 …………………………………18 第五節 瑜珈調息法對情緒的影響 ……………………………………18 第六節 本章總結 ………………………………………………………22 第參章 研究方法與步驟 第一節 研究對象 ………………………………………………………23 第二節 研究工具 ………………………………………………………23 第三節 研究課程設計 …………………………………………………24 第四節 研究步驟與流程 ………………………………………………26 第五節 資料整理與統計分析 …………………………………………28 第肆章 研究結果與討論 第一節 不同放鬆法在認知焦慮上的差異 ……………………………29 第二節 不同放鬆法在身體焦慮上的差異 ……………………………31 第三節 不同放鬆法在運動表現上的差異 ……………………………34 第伍章 結論與建議 第一節 結論……………………………………………………………37 第二節 建議……………………………………………………………38 參考文獻 附 錄 附錄一 實驗受試者須知暨同意書……………………………………47 附錄二 賽前狀態焦慮量表……………………………………………49 附錄三 自我察覺檢核表………………………………………………50 表 次 表1 情緒相關理論的定義 ………………………………………………12 表2 運動員情緒相關介入之研究 ………………………………………15 表3 測量情緒相關量表統計 ……………………………………………17 表4 組別在認知、身體、表現前、後測之描述統計 …………………29 圖 次 圖1 實驗流程圖 …………………………………………………………27 圖2 認知焦慮前測、後測的平均數 ……………………………………30 圖3 身體焦慮前測、後測的平均數 ……………………………………32 圖4 不同組別在運動表現得分之比較 …………………………………34

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