Basic Search / Detailed Display

Author: 陽琪
Thesis Title: 能力分析之效度研究
A Study on Validity of Competence Analysis
Advisor: 田振榮
Degree: 博士
Doctor
Department: 工業教育學系
Department of Industrial Education
Thesis Publication Year: 2004
Academic Year: 92
Language: 中文
Number of pages: 230
Keywords (in Chinese): 能力標準能力分析功能分析效度分析形成性效度分析總結性效度分析幼兒保育
Keywords (in English): Competence Standards, Competence Analysis, Validity Analysis, Formative validity analysis, Summative validity analysis, Child care
Thesis Type: Academic thesis/ dissertation
Reference times: Clicks: 203Downloads: 23
Share:
School Collection Retrieve National Library Collection Retrieve Error Report
  • 為因應科技快速發展,技職教育體系以能力本位的觀點發展能力標準,
    積極培養學生擁有適應職場變遷的能力。能力分析是發展能力標準的方法,
    能力分析得到之結果是否能符合職場所需,必須對其效度加以討論與分析。
    基於此觀點本研究主要研究目的如下:
    壹、建構能力分析之效度分析的綜合架構
    貳、建立案例----以功能分析對幼兒保育專業進行能力分析,並以效度分
    析綜合架構為參考基礎,對案例之能力分析方法、過程及結果做效
    度分析
    參、討論案例結果,並依據討論結果提出具體建議
    本研究主要之研究方法如下:
    壹、文獻蒐集與分析
    蒐集國內外能力標準發展之相關文獻以及能力分析之效度分析相關
    資料,分析並歸納出能力分析方法之效度分析的綜合架構。
    貳、調查研究法
    以問卷、訪談、及焦點團體等方法進行實際案例之效度分析:
    一、案例選擇:以「幼兒保育專業」為例進行能力分析與效度分析。
    二、能力分析:以功能分析作為能力分析方法。
    三、效度分析:分為形成性效度分析,以及總結性效度分析
    (一)形成性效度分析:對能力分析方法及過程之分析,分析方法
    包括量化的評量與深度訪談。
    (二)總結性效度分析:對能力分析結果做有效性驗證,分析方法
    為問卷調查。
    本研究依據研究設計得到下列研究結果:
    壹、實施能力分析時效度分析之綜合架構綜合架構主要內容包括理論基礎與建構原則、效度分析之時機與程
    序、能力分析成果及相關資料、形成性效度分析與總結性效度分析、
    效度分析初步成果及應用、重複效度分析。
    貳、以「幼兒保育專業」為例進行能力分析與效度分析
    依據效度分析結果分別對「幼兒保育專業」效度分析、功能分析方法、
    效度分析綜合架構、研究方法及後續研究討論並提出建議。

    When the workforce changed with the technologies developing quickly, the
    vocational and educational training system should prepare mapping curriculums
    for students to coping the changing world of future. The major strategy was
    competence analysis for development of competence standards, owing to the
    linking need between workforces and training organization, the most important
    thing was to understand whether the competence units are validated.
    The purposes of the study were:
    1. To review the relevant references about validity analysis of competence
    analysis, and establish a synthesis frame of validity analysis of
    competence analysis;
    2. To establish a case - child care - for competence analysis and validity
    analysis on the base of the synthesis frame;
    3. To get some summaries and to develop suggestions from the results of
    validity analysis.
    The methods of the study were:
    1. To review and analyze the relevant references, to get a synthesis frame of
    validity analysis of competence analysis results.
    2. To analyze the validity of the results of competence analysis on child
    care.
    The ways of validity analysis were:
    1. Formative validity analysis: to analyze the method with scale and
    interview; and to analyze the process with interview of competence
    analysis
    2. Summative validity analysis: to analyze the results of competence
    analysis with survey.
    3. To test the data of scale and survey by statistics.
    The summaries of the study were:
    1. To establish a synthesis frame of validity analysis of competence analysis.
    2. To get some summaries and suggestions to validity analysis of child care,
    to functional analysis of child care, to synthesis frame of validity analysis,
    to methods of study, to the following studies.

    第一章緒論……………………………………………………………………..1 第一節研究背景……………………………………………………………1 第二節研究動機……………………………………………………………4 第三節研究目的……………………………………………………………11 第四節研究範圍……………………………………………………………12 第五節名詞釋義……………………………………………………………13 第六節研究架構……………………………………………………………15 第二章能力標準的發展………………………………………………………19 第一節能力與能力標準……………………………………………………20 第二節能力標準的發展趨勢………………………………………………31 第三節能力標準的模式……………………………………………35 第三章能力分析方法…………………………………………………………45 第一節能力分析方法之比較………………………………………………48 第二節能力分析方法---蝶勘法……………………………………………56 第三節能力分析方法---功能分析…………………………………………60 第四章能力分析方法之效度分析……………………………………………77 第一節效度與效度分析……………………………………………………77 第二節能力分析方法之效度分析…………………………………………88 第三節各國對能力分析之效度驗證……………………………………..104 第五章研究方法……………………………………………………………123 第一節研究方法…………………………………………………………123 第二節研究程序…………………………………………………………129 第六章能力分析之效度分析的綜合架構…………………………………..135 第一節效度分析綜合架構之理論基礎與建構原則……………………..135 第二節效度分析之時機與程序…………………………………………..140 第三節能力分析成果及相關資料………………………………………..142 第四節形成性效度分析與總結性效度分析……………………………..143 第五節效度分析初步成果及應用………………………………………..154 第六節重複效度分析……………………………………………………..154 第七章能力分析之效度分析實例---以「幼兒保育專業」為例……………..157 第一節「幼兒保育專業」之功能分析……………………………………..157 第二節「幼兒保育專業」之效度分析……………………………………..164 第三節「幼兒保育專業」效度分析之討論………………………………..180 第四節從實例討論效度分析綜合架構…………………………………190 第八章結論與建議…………………………………………………………..195 第一節效度分析綜合架構之結論………………………………….…..195 第二節「幼兒保育專業」效度分析之結論……………………………..…199 第三節討論與建議……………………………………………………..…206 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………219

    中文部份
    江文雄、戴建耘、林世良(民83)。使資訊教學更有系統與效率— 資訊行業教
    學訓練的工作分析法。資訊與電腦,162,60-65。
    江文雄、田振榮、林炎旦(民88)。技職校院學生能力標準建構與能力分析
    模式之規劃研究。教育部技職司。
    田振榮、吳育昇(民89)。職業分析在技職教育類科調整之應用。技術及職
    業教育,60,37-43。
    田振榮、李基常、康鳳梅、楊紹裘、饒達欽、吳明振(民90)。我國高職學生
    專業能力標準之建構。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告,
    計畫編號:NSC 89-2511-S-003-154-X03.。
    田振榮、李基常、康鳳梅、楊紹裘、饒達欽、宋修德(民91)。我國高職學生
    專業能力標準之建構( 二)。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報
    告,計畫編號:NSC 89-2511-S-003-089-X03.。
    田振榮、宋修德、溫瑞烘、陽琪、周碩樑(民92a)。我國技職教育體系建立能
    力標準建構之可行性研究。教育部技術及職業教育司:台北。
    田振榮、溫瑞烘、陽琪、周碩樑、林義斌、林瑛萍等(民92b)。透過理論分析
    與實證研究評估蝶勘法及功能分析法之應用效能研究,行政院國家科學
    委員會專題研究計劃成果報告,計畫編號:NSC 91-2516-S-003-008-
    田振榮等(民93)。以蝶勘法及功能分析法發展能力標準之效度驗證,行政院
    國家科學委員會專題研究計劃成果報告(進行中),計畫編號:NSC
    91-2516-S-003-010-
    田振榮(民93)。建構多元技能評量之研究,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究
    計劃,計畫申請中。
    杜炯烽(民88)。技職教育的通途大道- 沒有專業,沒有前途;只有專業,前途
    有限。技職教育的回顧與前瞻,107-110。教育部技職司:台北。
    周文賢(民91)。中國技術學院課程發展管理手冊,4-5。中國技術學院
    侯世光、林俊彥(民92)。技職體系課程綱要草案調整與上網計畫。教育部技
    術及職業教育司:台北。
    康自立(民71), 工業職業教育能力本位課程發展之理論與實際,台北:中國
    工業職業教育學會。
    莊謙本、張吉成(民87),Delphi,DACUM,V -TECS 行業分析效能之比較研
    究。第十三屆全國技術及職業教育研討會。
    黃英忠(民87), 現代人力資源管理,台北:三民書局。
    黃政傑、李隆盛(民85), 技職教育概論,台北:師大書苑。
    行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局(民90)。技能檢定規範製訂及學術科試題命製
    規則。台北:行政院勞工委員會。
    行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局(民80), 中華民國職業分類典。台北:行政
    院勞工委員會。
    彭錦淵(民68)。任務分析(Task Analysis) 種類、程序與要領。工業職業教育
    雙月刊,1(8),6。
    蕭錫錡、陳甦彰、張仁家、林振榮(民91)。技專校院學校本位系科課程發展
    參考手冊。教育部技術及職業教育司:台北。
    英文部份
    Aamodt, M. (1996) Technical Affairs Section .The International Personnel
    Management Association Assessment Council.
    Aamodt, M. G., Reardon, C., & Kimbrough, W. W. (1986). The critical incident
    technique revisited. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 2(2), 48-59.
    Aamodt, M. G., Kimbrough, W. W., Keller, R. J., & Crawford, K. J. (1982).
    Relationship between sex, race, and job performance level and the
    generation of critical incidents. Educational and Psychological Research,
    2(4), 227-234.
    Andersson, B. E., & Nilsson, S. G. (1964). Studies in the reliability and validity of
    the critical incident technique. Journal of Applied Psychology, 48, 398-403.
    ANTA (1999), National training package development handbook, Australian
    National Training Authority, Melboune:Australia.
    ANTA (2001). Training Package Development Handbook. Retrieved from
    http://www.anta.gov.au/publication.asp, July 20, 2002.
    ANTA (2002). Response to the Commonwealth Department of Education, Science
    and Training Discussion Paper, Varieties of Learning-The Interface Between
    Higher Education and Vocational Education And Training. ANTA.
    AQF (2002). Australian Qualifications Framework Implementation Handbook.
    Australian Qualifications Framework Advisory Board. Retrieved from
    http://www.aqf.edu.au.
    Ash, R.A., Levine, E.L., Higbee,R.H., & Sistrunk,F. (1982).Comparisons of task
    ratings from subject matter experts versus job incumbents. Paper presented at
    the annual meeting of the Southeastern Psychological Association, New
    Orleans, LA.
    Bailey, T., & Merritt, D. (1995). Making Sense of Industry-Based Skill Standards
    (MDS-777). National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Berkeley:
    California.
    Bailey, T. (1997). Integrating academic and industry skill Standards (MDS-1001).
    National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Berkeley: California.
    Barnes, S., & Nobles, D. (1999), National Vocational Qualifications in England
    and Skill Standards in Texas, Austin: Texas
    Beatty, G. O. (1996). Job analysis sample size: How small is large enough? Poster
    presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Industrial and
    Organizational Psychology, San Diego, CA..
    Blackmore, P. (1999), A categorization of approaches to occupational analysis,
    Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 51(1), 61-76.
    Barnes, S., & Nobles. D. (2000). Group Two Public Sector National Vocational
    Qualifications in England and Skill Standards in Texas. Retrieved from
    http://www.coe.tamu.edu/~stenning/studyabroad/group2.htm, July 05, 2002.
    Border, B. (1998). The Status of Alternative Assessments Through the 1990s:
    Performance and Authentic Assessments in Relation to Vocational-Technical
    Education Technical Skills, Workplace Skills, and Related Academic Skills.
    Atlanta, GA: South Association of Colleges and Schools.
    Carlisle K. E. (1986). Analyzing Jobs and Tasks. Series of Techniques in Training
    and Performance Development. Educational Technology Publications:
    Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
    Carnevale, P. (1991). America and the new economy. Jossey Bass: San Francisco.
    Carnevale, A. P., Gainer, L. J., & Meltzer, A. S. (1990). Workplace basics: The
    essential skills employers’ want. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publisher.
    CAOT (1996), Profile of occupational therapy practice in Canada, Canadian
    Association of Occupational Therapists, 63(2), 79-95.
    CODAP (2001), Welcome to the world of CODAP, Retrieved from
    http://www.codap.com.
    Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce (1990). America's choice:
    High skills or low wages! Rochester, NY: National Center on Education
    European Training Foundation (1998). Development of Standards in Vocational
    Education and Training. Manual of Qualifications and Training Methods,
    Volume 1. Retrieved from http://www.europa.eu.int (2001/5/7).
    European Training Foundation (1999). Development of Standards in Vocational
    Education and Training – Specification, Experience, Examples. Manual of
    Qualifications and Training Methods, Volume 1. http://www.europa.eu.int
    (2001/5/7).
    European Training Foundation (2000). Development of Vocational Education and
    Training Standards – the impact of labour market information. Manual of
    Qualifications and Training Methods, Volume 3. Retrieved from
    http://www.europa.eu.int (2001/5/7).
    Down, C. M. (2000). Key Competencies in Training Packages. AVETRA Future
    Research, Research Futures Conference. Canberra.
    Education and Training Statistics (1997). Education and training standard module
    for Eurostat harmonized surveys. Eurostat education and training statistics,
    http://europa.eu.int/comm/education/leonardo/
    leonardoold/stat/trainingstatis/methodology/stmoden.pdf.
    Elias, P. & Birch, M. (1994). Establishment of Community-Wide Occupational
    Statistics: ISCO 88 (COM) A Guide for Users. University of Warwick, Institute
    for Employment of Research, Retrieved from http://www.warwick.ac.uk
    /ier/isco/isco88.pdf.
    Elias, P. (1997). Occupational Classification: concepts, methods, reliability,
    validity and cross-national comparability. Institute for Employment Research,
    University of Warwick.
    European Training Foundation (1999). Development of Standards in Vocational
    Education and Training-Specification, Experience, Examples, Volume 2.
    Retrieved from http://www.etf.ed.int.
    Fields of Education and Training Manual (1999). Retrieved from
    http://www.scb.se/klassifikationer/FieldsAndTrainingl.pdf
    Finch, C. R., & Crunkilton, J. R. (1989), Curriculum development in vocational
    and technical education: Planning, content, and implementation (3rd ed.),
    Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
    Fine, S.; Holt, A.M. & Hutchmson, M.F. (1975). Functional Job Analysis - An
    Annotated Bibliography. Methods for Manpower Analysis, No. 10. Upjohn
    Institute: Washington.
    Fine, S., & Wiley, W. W. (1971). An introduction to functional job analysis.
    Kalamazoo, MI: W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    Flanagan, J. C. (1954), The critical incident technique, Psychological Bulletin, 51,
    327-358.
    Flecker, J., & Hofbauer, J. (1998). Capitalising on Subjectivity: the ‘New Model
    Worker’ and the Importance of Being Useful. In Thompson, P. & Warhurst,
    C. (eds.): Workplaces of the Future. Basingstoke, Macmillan Business,
    104-123.
    Fletcher, J., Friedman, L., McCarthy, P., McIntyre, C., O'Learly, B., & Rheinstein,
    J. (1993). Sample sizes required to attain stable job analysis inventory
    profiles. Poster presented at the 8th annual meeting of the Society for
    Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Francisco, CA.
    Ganzglass, E., & Martin, S. (1993). State initiatives on industry-based skill
    standards and credentials. Washington, DC: National Governors'
    Association.
    Gael, S. (1988). Subject matter expert conferences. In S. Gael (Ed.) The Job
    Analysis Handbook for Business, Industry, and Government (Vol I, page
    434). New York: Wiley.
    Gas Industry Training Package Review Project: Phase 1,Draft Stage 2 Report.
    Retrieved from http://www.ee-oz.com.au/resources/misc/2084.pdf
    (2003/12/11).
    General Accounting Office. (1993). Occupational skill standards--Experience in
    certification systems shows industry involvement to be key. Washington, DC:
    General Accounting Office.
    Hoachlander, G. (1995). Making pilots: An inquiry into standards. Paper
    presented at the 1995 American Educational Research Association, San
    Francisco, CA.
    Hoffmann, E. (1997). ILO and ISCO-88. Bureau of Statistics, International Labor
    Office: Geneva.
    Hoffmann, E. and de Jeu, B. (1995). Economics and Characteristics in the 1990
    Round of Population Censuses, Paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting
    on the 2000 World Population and Housing Census Program, New York.
    Hutchins, R., & Sage, J. E. (1995). Job analysis validity & workability. Academy
    for Human Resource Development Conference Proceedings.
    ILO (2001a). Competencia laboral. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/public/
    spanish/region/ampro/cinterfor/temas/complab/index.htm, July 20, 2002.
    ILO (2001b), Competencia laboral, Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/public/
    spanish/region/ampro/cinterfor/temas/complab/xxxx/ing/xxxx/index.htm.
    International Labour Office (1990). International Standard Classification of
    Occupations, ISCO-88. Geneva: International Labor Office.
    Introduction to Skill Standards (2003). Retrieved from http://www. wa-skills.com/
    pdfs/early_child_dev/Family%20Care/ECEP%20FCCP%20body.pdf
    Jessup, J. (1991), Outcomes: NVQs and the emerging model of education and
    training, Falmer Press: London.
    Kearns, P. (2001). Review of research generic skills for the new economy. National
    Center for Vocational Education Research: Australia.
    Kosidlak, J. G. (1987). DACUM: An alternative job analysis tool. Personnel,64(3), 14-21.
    Landy, F. J., & Vasey, J. (1991). Job analysis: The composition of SME samples.
    Personnel Psychology, 44, 27-50.
    Lee, C. S., DeWitt C., Litman, R. (1996). Occupational Skill Standards Projects.
    U.S. Department of Education.
    Levine, E. L, Ash, R. A., Hall, H. & Sistrunk. F. (1983). Evaluation of job analysis
    methods by experienced job analysts. Academy of Management Journal. 26,
    339-348.
    Losh, L. C. (2000). Using National and State Skill Standards for
    Vocational-Technical Education Curriculum Development, Information
    Series No.383, Eric Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational
    Education Center on Education and Training for Employment.
    Lopez, F. M., Rockmore, B. W., & Kesselman, G. A. (1980). The development of
    an integrated career planning program at Gulf Power Company. Personnel
    Administrator, 25(10), 21-29.
    Lopez, F. M., Kesselman, G. A., & Lopez, F. E. (1981). An empirical test of a
    trait-oriented job analysis technique. Personnel Psychology, 34, 479-502.
    Mansfield, B. (1990). Knowledge, evidence and assessment, in H. Black & A.
    Wolf. (Eds) Knowledge and competence; current issues in training and
    education, London: Employment Department.
    Mansfield, B., & Mitchell, L. (1996). Towards a competent workforce, Gower
    Publishing: UK.
    Mansfield, B. (2001). Linking vocational education and training standards and
    employment requirements: An international manual. European Training
    Foundation, Retrieved from http://www.etf.eu.int (2001/5/7).
    Maurer, T., & Tross,S. (1996). Committee vs. Field job analysis: Convergence,cautions, and a call. Poster presented at the annual conference of the Society
    for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Diego, CA.
    McCormick, E. J., Jeannerret, P. R., & Mecham, R. C. (1972), A study of job
    characteristics and job dimensions as based on the Position Analysis
    Questionnaire (PAQ), Journal of Applied Psychology, 56, 347-368.
    Mertens, L. (1999). Labour competence: emergence, analytical frameworks and
    institution models. International Labour Office: Cinterfor.
    Mullins, W. C. (1983). Job analysis outcomes as a function of group composition.
    Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.
    Mullins, W. C., & Kimbrough, W. W. (1988). Group composition as a determinant
    of job analysis outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(4), 657-664.
    National Electrotechnology Training Package Review: Phase Ⅱ.Retrieved from
    http://www. ulmitb.com.au/documents/BMRpt3internet.pdf
    NHCSSP (2002). Standards Research and Development Methodology, Retrieved
    from http://www.wested.org
    Nolan, T.D. 1990. The DACUM process training manual: The coordinators
    handbook, Cincinnati Technical College Press, OH.
    Norton E. R. (1997). DACUM HANDBOOK. The Ohio State University.
    NSSB (2000a). Built to Work-A Common Framework for Skill Standards.
    Retrieved from http://www.nssb.org, July 10, 2002.
    NSSB (2000b). Skill Companions Guide. Retrieved from http://www.nssb.org,
    July 10, 2002.
    O'Leary,B.S., Rheinstein, J. &McCauley,D.E. (1990). Job analysis for test
    development: Can it be streamlined? Paper presented at the annual meeting
    of the American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
    Pass, J. J., & Robertson, D. W. (1980). Methods to evaluate scales and sample size for stable task inventory information (Report No. NPRDC TR 80-28). San
    Diego, CA: Naval Personnel Research and Development Center.
    Productivity Digest (2000), Skills Standards, Retrieved from
    http://www.psb.gov.sg/news/pd/2000_09/na02.html (2001/06/02).
    Raizen, S. A. (1989). Reforming education for work: A Cognitive science
    perspective. Berkeley, CA: National Center for Research in Vocational
    Education.
    Resnick, L. B. & Wirt, J. G. (Eds.) (1996). Linking school and work: Roles for
    standards and assessment. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
    Robinson, D. D. (1981). Content-oriented personnel selection in a small business
    setting. Personnel Psychology, 34, 77-87.
    Rouleau, E. J., & Krain, B. F. (1975). Using job analysis to design selection
    procedures. Public Personnel Management, 4, 300-304.
    Schmitt, N., & Cohen, S. A. (1989). Internal analyses of task ratings by job
    incumbents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74(1), 96-104
    SCANS (1991). Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, What
    work requires of schools: A SCANS report for America 2000. Washington,
    DC: U.S. Department of Labor.
    SCANS (1992). Learning a living: A blueprint for high performance. Department
    of Labor: Washington.
    Smith, M. L., & Glass, G. V. (1987). Research and Evaluation in Education ane
    the Social Science. Englewood Cliffs. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
    Stasz, C. (1990). The economic imperative behind school reform: A review of
    literature, National Center for Research in Vocational Education.
    Stitt-Gohdes, W., Lambrecht, J., & Redmann, D. H. (2000). The Critical-Incident Technique In Job Behavior Research. The Journal of Vocational Education
    Research. 25, Issue I.
    The Boeing Company (1999). Performance Assessment and Curriculum
    Development Guidebook Volume II. Center for Learning Connections,
    Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges, Retrieved
    from http://www.wa-skills.com.
    Trewin, D. (2000). Australian Standard Classification of Education (ASCED).
    Australian Bureau of Statistics: Canberra.
    Texas Skill Standards Board (1999). Guideline for Development, Recognition and
    Usage of Skill Standards-Texas Framework for Skill Standards, Austin:
    Texas.
    Veres, J. G., Green, S. B., & Boyles, W. R. (1991). Racial differences on job
    analysis questionnaires: An empirical study. Public Personnel Management,
    20(2), 135-144.
    Wagner, R. F. (1950). A study of the critical requirements for dentists. University
    of Pittsburgh Bulletin, 46, 331-339.
    Washington State Board (1999). Skill Standards for Paraeducators. Retrieved
    from http://www.sbctc.ctc.edu/transfer/docs/ParaeducatorsSkillStandards.pdf
    (2003/12/11)
    Weinert, F.E. (1999). Definition and selection of competencies :Concepts of
    Competence. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
    Willett, J., & Hermann, G. (1989), Which occupational analysis technique: Critical
    incident, DACUM, and/ or information search? Vocational Aspect of Education,
    79-89.
    U.S.Department of Labor and Education (2000). National Health Care Skill
    Standards Project, Part . Re Ⅱ trieved from http://www.wested.org/nhcssp/welcome.html (2002/4/28)

    QR CODE