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Author: 涂妙如
Thesis Title: 幼兒的氣質、嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀之相關研究
Advisor: 黃迺毓
Degree: 博士
Doctor
Department: 人類發展與家庭學系
Department of Human Development and Family Studies
Thesis Publication Year: 2005
Academic Year: 93
Language: 中文
Number of pages: 184
Keywords (in Chinese): 幼兒氣質嬰幼兒期照顧方式親子依戀
Keywords (in English): temperament, infant-toddler care history, parent-child attachment
Thesis Type: Academic thesis/ dissertation
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  • 中文摘要
    本研究主要目的有二:(1) 探討嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀之關聯情形,同時考驗幼兒氣質的影響效應;(2) 探討幼兒氣質與親子依戀之關聯情形。
    本研究對象為61位二歲至四歲半之幼兒與幼兒的父母親。研究者透過家庭觀察、問卷調查與訪談來收集相關的資料。研究工具包括:基本資料調查表、嬰幼兒期照顧方式訪談表、全日托育選擇訪談指引、兒童依戀行為測量(依戀Q-set)以及幼兒氣質量表(父母題本)等。以SPSS10.0中文版套裝軟體進行統計分析後,本研究獲致之主要研究結果如下:
    一、 嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀間的關聯情形。
    (一) 親子依戀安全係數不會因幼兒的開始托育年齡而有顯著差異。
    (二) 親子依戀安全係數不會因幼兒的托育時數而有顯著差異。
    (三) 母子依戀安全係數會因幼兒全日托育與否而有顯著差異。特別是自出生至十二個月大連續採用全日托育的幼兒,比起其他托育方式者,母子依戀安全係數較低。
    (四) 親子依戀安全係數不會因是否變更嬰幼兒期照顧方式而有顯著差異。
    二、 幼兒氣質向度中的活動量可以有效地預測母子間的依戀安全係數,而且呈現負向線性關係,即幼兒的活動量愈大,母子依戀安全係數愈低;幼兒氣質向度中的堅持度則可以有效地預測父子間的依戀安全係數,而且呈現正向線性關係,即幼兒堅持度愈高,父子依戀安全係數亦愈高。
    三、 嬰幼兒期照顧方式、幼兒氣質以及母子依戀三者間達顯著關聯。在排除幼兒氣質因素之影響力後,依然呈現出在幼兒零至十二個月大連續採用全日托育者,對母子安全依戀具有負向影響力。
    研究者針對上述研究結果加以討論,並據以提出教育應用與未來研究上的建議。

    英文摘要
    The relationship between children’s temperament, infant-toddler care history, and the parent-child attachment
    Miao-Ju Tu
    ABSTRACT
    This study based on a sample of 61children (age range 2-4.5years), examined (1) the relationship between parent-child attachment quality (Q-set scores) and the children’s care type at infant and toddler years and (2) the association between quality of parent-child attachment and parent’s report of the children’s current temperament.

    Regarding the relationship between attachment quality and care history, the results show no significant association between attachment scores and the starting point and the quantity of infant-toddler care. However, there is a statistically significant association between attachment and care type, even control for the influence of children’s temperament. Children with 24-hour care show lower attachment scores, especially when the full-time care was used under age one. Certain temperament characteristics are significant factors in predicting parent-child attachment. Activity level is negatively related to mother-child attachment, while persistency is a positive predictor of father-child attachment.

    目 次 謝 辭 1 中文摘要 3 英文摘要 4 目 次 I 表目錄 III 圖目錄 IV 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 5 第三節 研究問題 6 第四節 名詞釋義 7 第五節 研究範圍 9 第二章 文獻探討 10 第一節 台灣的托育現況 10 第二節 親子依戀相關概念及發展研究 16 第三節 托育與依戀的相關研究 25 第四節 氣質相關概念及發展研究 36 第三章 研究方法 42 第一節 研究架構 43 第二節 研究對象 44 第四節 研究工具 51 第五節 研究程序 64 第六節 資料處理 65 第四章 研究結果與討論 66 第一節 嬰幼兒期照顧方式與親子依戀的關聯情形 66 第二節 幼兒氣質與親子依戀的關聯情形 83 第三節 嬰幼兒期照顧方式、幼兒氣質與親子依戀的關聯情形 86 第四節 影響嬰幼兒期照顧方式決策因素之分析 89 第五章 結論與建議 101 第一節 結論 101 第二節 研究限制 103 第三節 建議 104 參考文獻 112 一、中文部份 112 二、英文部份 115 附錄 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄一 研究邀請函與同意書 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄二 基本資料調查表 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄三 嬰幼兒期照顧方式訪談表 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄四 全日托育選擇訪談指引 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄五 兒童依戀行為測量—母親題本 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄六 兒童依戀行為測量—父親題本 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄七 幼兒氣質量表—父母題本 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄八 兒童及少年福利法 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄九 幼稚教育法 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 附錄十 兩性工作平等法 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。

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